Compare Niue (2002) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2004)

Compare Niue (2002) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2004)

	Niue (2002)	Turks and Caicos Islands (2004)

Administrative divisions	none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,301; female 3,184) 15-64 years: 63.8% (male 6,696; female 6,036) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 327; female 412) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports	1 (2001)	8 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 260 sq km land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2002) with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest.	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	22.85 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital	Alofi	Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)
Climate	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline	64 km	389 km
Constitution	19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands
Currency	New Zealand dollar (NZD)	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	NA (2002 est.)
Dependency status	self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	have received Haitians fleeing economic collapse and civil unrest
Economic aid - recipient	$2.6 million from New Zealand (2002)	$4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview	The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 will be about $2.6 million.	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in the late 1990s. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. Tourism fell by 6% in 2002.
Electricity - consumption	2.79 million kWh (2000)	4.65 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	3 million kWh (2000)	5 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues	increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea	-
Ethnic groups	Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans)	black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
Exchange rates	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998), 1.5082 (1997)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000) head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI)30%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002) head of government: Chief Minister Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	$137,200 (1999)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners	NZ mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia	US, UK
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP	purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.)	purchasing power parity - $231 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: 55%	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.)	purchasing power parity - $9,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-0.3% (2000 est.)	4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	19 02 S, 169 52 W	21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note	one of world's largest coral islands	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways	total: 234 km paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (106 km of which is access and plantation road) (2001)	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports	$2.38 million (1999)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners	NZ mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US	US, UK
Independence	on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA
Industries	tourism, handicrafts, food processing	tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate	NA deaths/1,000 live births	total: 16.27 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.79 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1% (1995) (1995)	4% (1995)
International organization participation	ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue	Supreme Court
Labor force	NA	4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 19.23% permanent crops: 7.69% other: 73.08% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (2001)
Languages	Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English	English (official)
Legal system	English common law note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives) elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held in March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held in 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 74.25 years male: 72.05 years female: 76.57 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA%	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references	Oceania	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	none
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force	-
National holiday	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality	noun: Niuean(s) adjective: Niuean	noun: none adjective: none
Natural hazards	typhoons	frequent hurricanes
Natural resources	fish, arable land	spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	11.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
People - note	-	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US
Political parties and leaders	Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA]	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	2,134 (July 2002 est.)	19,956 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	0.5% (2002 est.)	3.03% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	Grand Turk, Providenciales
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios	1,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)	Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island international: NA	general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services domestic: NA international: country code - 1-649; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	376 (1991)	5,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1991)	1,700 (1999)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; 2 cable television networks) (2004)
Terrain	steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	3.11 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	10% (1997 est.)
Waterways	none	-

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